Heart disease is one of the non-communicable diseases that is the leading cause of death in the world. Based on WHO data, more than 17 million people in the world die each year from heart and blood vessel disease.
What is heart disease?
Heart disease is a condition when the heart experiences disturbances in its function and structure. These disturbances can be caused by various factors, such as inflammation of the blood vessels of the heart or blockage of blood vessels.
Several types of heart disease commonly occur, including:
1. Coronary heart disease
The most common type of heart disease is characterized by narrowing or blockage of the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart.
2. Congenital heart disease
It is an abnormality in the structure and function of the heart since birth.
3. Endocarditis
Infection of the inner lining of the heart (endocardium).
4. Arrhythmia
A condition in which the heartbeat is irregular or abnormal.
Signs of heart disease
Some signs that indicate a heart problem include:
– Chest pain: A feeling of pain, tightness, or pressure in the chest that spreads to the neck, jaw, back, or arms.
– Irregular heartbeat: Your heart may be racing, beating too slowly, or feeling irregular.
– Sweating easily: Sweating excessively for no apparent reason, especially during light activity.
– Shortness of breath: Feeling short of breath, especially when doing activities or lying down.
– Fatigue: Feeling tired and weak quickly, even after doing light activities.
– Swollen feet: Swelling in the feet, especially in the ankles and calves.
How to prevent heart disease
Maintaining heart health is very important to prevent heart disease. Here are some ways to prevent it:
1. Consume heart-healthy foods: Increase consumption of fruits, vegetables, grains, and fish that are rich in fiber, antioxidants, and Omega-3 fatty acids. Limit consumption of foods high in saturated fat, cholesterol, and sodium.
2. Exercise regularly: Exercise regularly for at least 150 minutes every week. Choose a sport that you enjoy and can do consistently.
3. Avoid smoking: Smoking is one of the main risk factors for heart disease. Quitting smoking can significantly reduce your risk of developing heart disease.
4. Manage stress well: Stress can trigger increased blood pressure and heart rate. Manage stress well through relaxation techniques, such as yoga or meditation.
5. Monitor blood pressure and cholesterol: Check your blood pressure and cholesterol levels regularly. High blood pressure and high cholesterol are risk factors for heart disease.
Maintaining heart health is essential for maintaining overall health and well-being. By following the preventive measures above, you can reduce your risk of heart disease and live a healthier and happier life.