Differences between Psychologist and Psychiatrist: Who To Consult?

The choice between consulting a psychologist or a psychiatrist depends on the nature of the problem and individual needs. Disorders requiring medication may require consultation with a psychiatrist, while psychological challenges can be addressed with a psychologist. At MédecinDirect, thanks to a clinical approach, our team of psychologists works in collaboration with psychiatrists. If necessary, you can benefit from the advice of a psychiatrist during your psychological support.

Psychologists

Psychologists, who hold a degree in clinical psychology, focus on assessing and understanding behaviors and mental processes. They practice psychotherapy, using various approaches such as psychoanalysis, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), systemic therapy, psychodynamic therapy, etc. Sessions with a psychologist are often geared towards psychological support, exploring emotions, and developing strategies to cope with mental challenges.

Psychiatrists

Psychiatrists are medical doctors who specialize in psychiatry. They can prescribe medications and focus on diagnosing and treating mental disorders through a medication-based approach. Psychiatric consultations are often recommended for disorders requiring pharmacological intervention, but this may be necessary even for moderate depression or an anxiety disorder.

Clinical psychologists undergo extensive university training and hold a Master’s degree in psychology. With this training, they obtain the title of Doctor of Psychology. Psychiatrists, on the other hand, are medical doctors who then specialize in psychiatry. Clinical psychologists can also obtain a psychotherapist qualification, thus expanding their expertise in therapeutic approaches. Psychologists and psychiatrists are registered in the National Register of Health Professionals.

Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy is at the heart of psychologists’ practices. It encompasses various methods, such as psychoanalysis, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), EMDR, systemic therapy, and Gestalt therapy. The psychodynamic or Freudian approach is based on past experiences or childhood suffering, while the systemic approach is more focused on interactions with those around oneself. These different approaches aim to treat a wide range of mental health issues, from behavioral disorders to psychological distress.

Psychiatric Treatment

Psychiatrists, in addition to psychotherapy, may prescribe medications to treat conditions such as schizophrenia, depressive disorders, or anxiety disorders. This medication approach is often complementary to psychotherapy.

In some cases, they can also decide on hospitalization when necessary, with or without the patient’s consent.

You can make an appointment with a private psychologist or psychiatrist at a private practice. They can also work in public hospitals: in psychological or psychiatric services, or at a medical-psychological center (CMP).

Go see a psychologist

The first session is an opportunity for a first meeting with a psychologist. The psychologist can conduct an initial assessment and set goals following the initial appointment. Psychological follow-up over several sessions may then be recommended. The sessions are an opportunity to feel supported and accompanied through attentive listening. 

Go see a psychiatrist

Psychiatrists conduct psychiatric assessments after reviewing the patient’s entire medical file. During these sessions, clinical interviews are conducted to determine a diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Prices for a session with a psychologist

A private psychologist sets their fees, which can vary depending on their experience, specialty, and location. Fees generally range from €40 to €120 per session. 

The costs of a consultation with a psychiatrist

Consultation fees vary depending on the psychiatrist’s sector. For psychiatrists in sector 1, the basic fee is €45.20 per consultation. This fee applies primarily if the primary care physician coordinates care. If the primary care physician is not consulted in advance, the psychiatrist can charge up to €52 per consultation. Psychiatrists in Sector 2 may charge a flexible fee schedule, and reimbursement is often lower.

Support for a session with a psychologist

Sessions are not systematically reimbursed by health insurance. However, some complementary mutual insurance companies may cover part of the costs. A clinical psychologist with an ADELI number is often a requirement for coverage by complementary health insurance. At MédecinDirect, an invoice with the psychologist’s ADELI number is sent to you by email after each session to facilitate the process with your mutual insurance company.  

Costs of a consultation with a psychiatrist

Health insurance covers 70% of the cost of a consultation with a sector 1 psychiatrist as part of a care pathway coordinated with the primary care physician. If the primary care physician is not consulted in advance, health insurance only covers 30% of the consultation fee. However, there is one exception: if the patient is between 16 and 25 years old. In this case, the patient receives 70% coverage even if the care pathway is not coordinated. For sector 2 psychiatrists, coverage is based on a reimbursement set at €42.50.

Psychologists are required to adhere to a strict code of ethics, ensuring confidentiality and ethics in their practice. Some obtain the title of clinical psychologist, a sign of their expertise in clinical psychology. Psychiatrists may hold the title of psychiatrist-psychotherapist, emphasizing their dual expertise. Psychologists and psychiatrists are bound by professional secrecy.  

Conclusion

In conclusion, the difference between psychologists and psychiatrists lies in their approaches, training, and areas of expertise. The choice between the two largely depends on the specific needs of the person seeking mental health help. It is essential to consider these differences to ensure appropriate care.