Paracetamol: What You Need To Know To Use It Safely

Paracetamol is found in hundreds of medications, but careless use can cause liver poisoning. We explain how to use it safely.

In millions of homes around the world, a box of paracetamol occupies a permanent place in the medicine cabinet. This analgesic and antipyretic, also known as acetaminophen, has become a common resource for relieving headaches, muscle aches, and reducing fever.

Its easy access and low cost have cemented its reputation as one of the most widely consumed medications globally.

However, this apparent innocence hides a significant risk: paracetamol can damage the liver if used in higher than recommended doses or for prolonged periods. Experts warn that, despite its proven efficacy and safety, it is essential to know its consumption limits.

How does paracetamol act in the body?

Unlike other commonly used drugs, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), paracetamol does not have significant anti-inflammatory effects.

This characteristic makes it more tolerable for the stomach, which explains its preference over other painkillers. Its main action is to reduce fever and relieve mild to moderate pain.

Experts advise that the daily dose for adults should not exceed 4 grams (4,000 mg), but there’s a detail that’s often overlooked: this compound appears in multiple pharmaceutical forms, such as flu and cold medications. Taking several products at once without checking the label can lead to accidentally overindulging.

Warning signs of poisoning

Paracetamol poisoning can progress silently, and the initial symptoms are often mistaken for common ailments. Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and the appearance of jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) are signs that require immediate medical attention.

Recommendations for safe use

Check medication combinations: Before taking different products, confirm that they do not contain repeated paracetamol in the formula.

Avoid alcohol: its consumption increases the risk of liver damage.
Consult in case of liver disease: People with liver conditions should seek medical advice before use.

When should you avoid paracetamol?

Although safe for most people, this medication should be avoided—or used only under medical supervision—in people diagnosed with liver disease, those who frequently consume alcohol, or patients with a history of adverse reactions to similar medications.